加强非金属矿产在水污染防治中的应用研究     

唐有叶 《浙江国土资源》1999,(1)

利用部分非金属矿产的特有性能处理污水,往往能取得事半功倍的效果。工业化国家在这方面的研究比较广泛和深入,而我国比较落后。因此,需要广大的环保、地矿科技人员迅速行动起来,加强非金属矿产在污水处理中的应用研究,以保护我们的水环境,造福于人民。  相似文献   

HABITAT ISLANDS AND THE PRESERVATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S AVIFAUNA*     

PHILIP R. PRYDE  CHRIS COCKLIN 《Geographical review》1998,88(1):86-113

ABSTRACT. Numerous avifauna species face extinction on New Zealand's two main islands, owing largely to forest clearance and to introduced mammals. In response, New Zealand selects certain offshore islands for the relocation of threatened native birds, first purging them of mammalian predators. Over the past few decades, this procedure has evolved to become fairly successful. Protected habitat “islands” within mainland forested areas are also being created, but with success less certain. As historic habitats are lost, small biopreservation islands may become a standard mechanism for protecting threatened species, a process that can be termed the “miniaturization” of nature.  相似文献   

The background features of natural environment and the harnessing pattern for the spread of saline land in the Songnen Plain     

ZHANG BaiChangchun Institute of Geography  CAS  Changchun CHINA 《地理学报(英文版)》1998,(2)

ＴｈｅｂａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄｔｈｅｈａｒｎｅｓｉｎｇｐａｔｅｒｎｆｏｒｔｈｅｓｐｒｅａｄｏｆｓａｌｉｎｅｌａｎｄｉｎｔｈｅＳｏｎｇｎｅｎＰｌａｉｎＺＨＡＮＧＢａｉＣｈａｎｇｃｈｕｎＩｎｓｔｉ...  相似文献   

非生物成因天然气(藏)的构造成因类型及其地球化学特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陶士振  戴金星 《大地构造与成矿学》1998,22(4):309-322

从大地构造的角度论述了非生物成因天然气的构造成因类型,即伸展构造带非生物成因气（藏）、挤缩构造带非生物成因气（藏）、走滑构造带非生物成因气（藏）、旋转构造带非生物成因气（藏）以及陨击构造带非生物成因气（藏）。重点阐述上述构造作用及其构造带中非生物成因气（藏）的不同类别及其形成环境和条件,从而为非生物成因天然气的理论研究和预测提供一些有益的线索。  相似文献   

Environmental magnetism: an introduction   总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31  

Dekkers  M.J. 《Geologie en Mijnbouw》1997,76(1-2):163-182

In environmental magnetism, the properties of magnetic minerals are used as proxy parameters for many purposes. Examples are paleoclimate analysis, paleoceanographic studies, provenance studies of sediments, studies of anthropogenically-induced pollution, and archeological investigations. Mineral-magnetic techniques are sensitive, require little sample preparation, are rapid, often grain-size indicative, and usually non-destructive. These techniques involve bulk properties which makes them complementary to geochemical micro-analytical techniques. Measurements include the field- and temperature-dependence of various types of induced and remanent magnetizations. Mineral-magnetic methods are continuously being improved. The underlying causal relations between observed mineral-magnetic properties and the processes that led to those properties, are becoming increasingly better understood, and the extended use of such properties as proxy parameters for many processes is foreseen. The following environmental magnetic applications are reviewed: the analysis of paleoclimatic variations in loess and other sediment types, the untangling of sedimentary features in piston cores, and the interpretation of the anthropogenic impact on the environment, in archeological studies and in studies of present-day pollution. The pathway between the provenance area and depositional site is shown to have a crucial impact on the magnetic properties.  相似文献   

“一带一路”沿线地区自然灾害危险性与灾损空间格局研究     

王紫薇  蔡红艳  段兆轩  郎焱卿  杨小唤 《地理研究》2022,41(7):2016-2029

灾害危险性和灾害损失是区域灾害风险评估的重要内容。以往研究大多基于国别尺度,无法表征国家内部和经济带沿线的灾害损失特征。本文基于“一带一路”沿线地区的洪涝、干旱、风暴、地震4类主要自然灾害的历史数据,提出灾害数据空间尺度下推方法,构建了基于省级尺度的灾害数据库,从灾害发生频次与灾害损失的角度,探讨了“一带一路”沿线地区主要灾害危险性和人口、经济损失的空间分布特征以及综合灾损高值区的主导灾害。研究表明2003—2018年间,“一带一路”沿线地区灾害发生广泛,各类灾害危险性和损失具有明显的集聚特征：81.4%区域均有灾害发生,洪涝灾害发生范围最广,风暴主要发生在沿海地区,干旱灾害集中在中国北部和泰国等地,地震多分布于地震带沿线;全域人口损失以洪涝（53%）、干旱（26%）为主,经济损失以洪涝（49%）、地震（23%）为主,各地区人口和经济损失因区域内人口和经济基础不同存在空间差异;大部分区域损失由单一灾害主导,仅小部分地区损失受多种灾害共同影响。研究结果提示我们应针对各灾害高危区、灾损高值区及各地区主导灾害制定相适应的防灾减灾措施,为未来“一带一路”的自然灾害风险防范与综合减灾、重大基础设施建设等提供支撑。  相似文献   

钾盐变质作用的矿物学和地球化学响应特征——以老挝沙湾拿吉钾盐盆地ZK004孔为例          下载免费PDF全文

朱登贤  张西营  石国成  李彦强  唐启亮 《盐湖研究》2022,30(2):118-127

通过对老挝沙湾拿吉钾盐盆地ZK004钻孔岩芯中的钾盐层段矿物学、微量元素地球化学特征的分析,探讨了钾盐变质过程的矿物学和地球化学指标的响应特征。结果表明,ZK004孔变质作用大致可分为2个阶段:第一阶段为不均匀交代阶段,该阶段光卤石层受到非海相流体淋滤,在光卤石层顶部形成次生钾石盐;第二阶段为强烈淋滤重结晶阶段,早期交代成因次生钾石盐层受到多次非海相流体的交代淋滤作用,发生溶解—重结晶乃至淋失。元素地球化学分析表明,光卤石阶段石盐中Fe、Si和Sr具有较好的峰值对应且光卤石阶段的含量高于钾石盐阶段,指示了陆相地表水的补给作用主要发生在光卤石沉积阶段,钾石盐阶段石盐中Cu、Zn等具有较好的含量峰值对应关系,表明改造次生钾石盐的流体可能主要是地下水。  相似文献   

地方性知识、主客互动与居民幸福感——对江郎山世界自然遗产地的实证研究     

管婧婧  程诗韵  董雪旺 《热带地理》2022,42(10):1690-1700

基于地方性知识和主客互动理论,以世界自然遗产地江郎山的当地居民为研究对象,构建了遗产地居民的地方性知识、主客互动及幸福感之间的关系模型,以回答拥有地方性知识能否促进当地居民获得幸福感及如何促进幸福感获取的问题。研究表明,知识越丰富的旅游地居民越容易获得生活、工作、心理与人际等方面的幸福感,强调了地方性知识对遗产地旅游发展的重要性,且证明了主客互动能够在地方性知识与幸福感之间搭建桥梁,发挥中介的作用。文章在理论上探讨了地方性知识在居民幸福感形成中的作用,且从主客互动的视角解释了地方性知识提升居民幸福感的机理;实践上,强调培养地方性知识和提高主客互动质量在提升遗产地居民幸福感中的重要性。  相似文献   

沉积硼酸盐矿物硼同位素组成特征及控制因素研究          下载免费PDF全文

彭章旷  马云麒  彭齐鸣 《盐湖研究》2022,30(3):112-121

硼资源主要来自沉积硼酸盐矿床,其硼同位素组成携带着丰富的成矿及蚀变信息。通过室内模拟实验及统计全球沉积硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值,分析发现硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值主要受硼源、硼酸盐结构、pH值、后期蚀变及瑞利过程影响。不同试剂合成及不同盐湖产出的硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值存在显著差异,说明硼源是决定δ¹¹B值的第一要素。同一矿床及全球沉积硼酸盐矿物间δ¹¹B值均表现出钠硼酸盐(硼砂、三方硼砂、贫水硼砂)＞钠—钙硼酸盐(钠硼解石、硼钠钙石)＞镁硼酸盐(多水硼镁石、柱硼镁石、库水硼镁石)＞钙硼酸盐(硬硼钙石、板硼石、白硼钙石、三斜硼钙石)＞钙—镁硼酸盐(砷硼镁钙石、水方硼石),这与硼酸盐矿物中BO₃/BO₄比值及卤水pH值有关。原始沉积硼酸盐后期埋藏过程经历的蚀变反应会改变δ¹¹B值:(1)次生硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值比原生硼酸盐矿物低2‰～4‰,这是由于脱水反应中¹¹B倾向进入流体相;(2)次生硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值比原生硼酸盐矿物高0‰～1‰,这是因为瑞利过程中¹⁰B优先进入固相造成后期沉积硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值升高0.3‰～2.5‰;(3)后期流体作用会显著改变δ¹¹B值,主要表现在硅—锶硼酸盐矿物δ¹¹B值与原生硼酸盐矿物具有显著差异。  相似文献   

Gold and Silver Prospection Using Magnetic,Radiometry and Microgravity Methods in the Kışladağ Province of Western Turkey     

Ö. A. Ercan  Aysel Şeren  Ali Elmas 《Resource Geology》2014,64(1):25-34

The study area lies in the K??lada? province of western Turkey. The site has an approximate dimension of 1.5 to 2 km north‐south length and 3 km east‐west width. Combined methods from the fields of geology, geochemistry and geophysics were applied to elucidate the regional geologic framework and identify favorable environs for mineralization. There are a few volcanic hills in the center of the K??lada? caldera, which is actually a field of interest. Magnetics (M), Magnetic Total Field Gradient (Mg), Radiometry (Ra), Microgravity (MG) and Microgravity Gradient (MGG) methods were used to prospect the terrains and boundaries of gold and silver deposition in the area. The observed mineralized zones are characterized by low magnetization, low radiation, and high density contrast. Such zones appear to exist outside and beneath a magnetized cap rock. The locations of proposed drill holes were determined with varying depths. Following completion of geophysical and geochemical exploration, an open cut mine with a yearly production rate of about 5 to 6 tons of gold minerals at depths varying between 50 to 225 m has been operational.  相似文献